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</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 24em;"><caption class="infobox-title">Directive 2006/24/EC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #ddd; font-weight: bold;"><a href="Directive_(European_Union)" title="Directive (European Union)">European Union directive</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data">Directive on the retention of data generated or processed in connection with the provision of publicly available electronic communications services or of public communications networks</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Made by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> and <a href="European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Made under</th><td class="infobox-data">Article 95 TEC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Official_Journal_of_the_European_Union" title="Official Journal of the European Union">Journal</a> reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:105:0054:0063:EN:PDF">L 105, pp. 54–63</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ccf;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date made</th><td class="infobox-data">15 March 2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Entry into force</th><td class="infobox-data">3 May 2006</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ccf;">Other legislation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Amends</th><td class="infobox-data">Directive 2002/58/EC</td></tr></tbody></table>
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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="border:1px solid #B2BEB"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#B2BEB5">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#B2BEB5;font-weight:normal;padding-bottom:0.15em;"><b><a href="Global_surveillance" title="Global surveillance">Global surveillance</a></b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Disclosures</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="Origins_of_global_surveillance" title="Origins of global surveillance">Origins</a></li>
<li><a href="Global_surveillance_disclosures_(1970%E2%80%932013)" title="Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013)">Pre-2013</a></li>
<li><a href="2010s_global_surveillance_disclosures" title="2010s global surveillance disclosures">2013–present</a></li>
<li><a href="Reactions_to_global_surveillance_disclosures" title="Reactions to global surveillance disclosures">Reactions</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Systems</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="List_of_government_mass_surveillance_projects" title="List of government mass surveillance projects">List of government mass surveillance projects</a></li>
<li><a href="XKeyscore" title="XKeyscore">XKeyscore</a></li>
<li><a href="PRISM" title="PRISM">PRISM</a></li>
<li><a href="ECHELON" title="ECHELON">ECHELON</a></li>
<li><a href="Sentient_(intelligence_analysis_system)" title="Sentient (intelligence analysis system)">Sentient</a></li>
<li><a href="Carnivore_(software)" title="Carnivore (software)">Carnivore</a></li>
<li><a href="Dishfire" title="Dishfire">Dishfire</a></li>
<li><a href="Stone_Ghost" title="Stone Ghost">Stone Ghost</a></li>
<li><a href="Tempora" title="Tempora">Tempora</a></li>
<li><a href="Frenchelon" title="Frenchelon">Frenchelon</a></li>
<li><a href="Fairview_(surveillance_program)" title="Fairview (surveillance program)">Fairview</a></li>
<li><a href="MYSTIC_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="MYSTIC (surveillance program)">MYSTIC</a></li>
<li><a href="Digital_Collection_System_Network" title="Digital Collection System Network">DCSN</a></li>
<li><a href="Boundless_Informant" title="Boundless Informant">Boundless Informant</a></li>
<li><a href="Bullrun_(decryption_program)" title="Bullrun (decryption program)">Bullrun</a></li>
<li><a href="Pinwale" title="Pinwale">Pinwale</a></li>
<li><a href="Stingray_phone_tracker" title="Stingray phone tracker">Stingray</a></li>
<li><a href="SORM" title="SORM">SORM</a></li>
<li><a href="RAMPART-A" title="RAMPART-A">RAMPART-A</a></li>
<li><a href="Mastering_the_Internet" title="Mastering the Internet">Mastering the Internet</a></li>
<li><a href="Jindalee_Operational_Radar_Network" title="Jindalee Operational Radar Network">Jindalee Operational Radar Network</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Selected agencies</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">FVEY</a>
<ul><li><a href="Australian_Signals_Directorate" title="Australian Signals Directorate">ASD</a></li>
<li><a href="Communications_Security_Establishment" title="Communications Security Establishment">CSE</a></li>
<li><a href="Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a></li>
<li><a href="GCHQ" title="GCHQ">GCHQ</a></li>
<li><a href="National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li>
<li><a href="National_Cyber_and_Crypto_Agency" title="National Cyber and Crypto Agency">BSSN</a></li>
<li><a href="National_Intelligence_Centre_(Spain)" title="National Intelligence Centre (Spain)">CNI</a></li>
<li><a href="Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li>
<li><a href="Directorate-General_for_External_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li>
<li><a href="KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a></li>
<li><a href="Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li>
<li><a href="Joint_Sigint_Cyber_Unit" title="Joint Sigint Cyber Unit">JSCU</a></li>
<li><a href="Special_Communications_Service_of_Russia" title="Special Communications Service of Russia">Spetssvyaz</a></li>
<li><a href="Unit_8200" title="Unit 8200">Unit 8200</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Places</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="The_Doughnut" title="The Doughnut">The Doughnut</a></li>
<li><a href="Fort_Meade" title="Fort Meade">Fort Meade</a></li>
<li><a href="RAF_Menwith_Hill" title="RAF Menwith Hill">Menwith Hill</a></li>
<li><a href="Pine_Gap" title="Pine Gap">Pine Gap</a></li>
<li><a href="Southern_Cross_Cable#Spying_and_interception" title="Southern Cross Cable">Southern Cross Cable</a></li>
<li><a href="Utah_Data_Center" title="Utah Data Center">Utah Data Center</a></li>
<li><a href="Bad_Aibling_Station" title="Bad Aibling Station">Bad Aibling Station</a></li>
<li><a href="Dagger_Complex" title="Dagger Complex">Dagger Complex</a></li>
<li><a href="GCHQ_Bude" title="GCHQ Bude">GCHQ Bude</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Laws</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li>Five Eyes
<ul><li><a href="UKUSA_Agreement" title="UKUSA Agreement">UKUSA Agreement</a></li>
<li><a href="Lustre_(treaty)" title="Lustre (treaty)">Lustre</a></li></ul></li>
<li>U.S.
<ul><li><a href="USA_Freedom_Act" title="USA Freedom Act">USA Freedom Act</a></li>
<li><a href="Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 Amendments Act of 2008">FISA amendments</a></li></ul></li>
<li>EU
<ul>
<li><a href="Data_Protection_Directive" title="Data Protection Directive">Data Protection Directive</a></li>
<li><a href="General_Data_Protection_Regulation" title="General Data Protection Regulation">GDPR</a></li></ul></li>
<li>China
<ul><li><a href="National_Intelligence_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Law">National Intelligence Law</a></li>
<li><a href="Cybersecurity_Law_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China" title="Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China">Cybersecurity Law</a></li></ul></li>
<li>UK
<ul><li><a href="Investigatory_Powers_Act_2016" title="Investigatory Powers Act 2016">Investigatory Powers Act 2016</a></li></ul></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Proposed changes</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li>U.S.
<ul><li><a href="FISA_Improvements_Act" title="FISA Improvements Act">FISA Improvements Act</a></li>
<li><a href="Proposed_reforms_of_mass_surveillance_by_the_United_States" title="Proposed reforms of mass surveillance by the United States">Other proposals</a></li></ul></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Concepts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="Mass_surveillance" title="Mass surveillance">Mass surveillance</a>
<ul><li><a href="Corporate_surveillance" title="Corporate surveillance">Corporate</a></li>
<li><a href="Mass_surveillance_industry" title="Mass surveillance industry">Industry</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Culture_of_fear" title="Culture of fear">Culture of fear</a></li>
<li><a href="Secure_communication" title="Secure communication">Secure communication</a></li>
<li><a href="Security_sector_governance_and_reform" title="Security sector governance and reform">Security sector governance and reform</a></li>
<li><a href="Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">SIGINT</a></li>
<li><a href="Call_detail_record" title="Call detail record">Call detail record</a></li>
<li><a href="Surveillance_issues_in_smart_cities" title="Surveillance issues in smart cities">Surveillance issues in smart cities</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B2BEB5">
Related topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="Intelligence_field" title="Intelligence field">Intelligence field</a></li>
<li><a href="Espionage" title="Espionage">Espionage</a></li>
<li><a href="Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">Intelligence agency</a></li>
<li><a href="Cryptography" title="Cryptography">Cryptography</a>
<ul><li><a href="Tor_(network)" title="Tor (network)">Tor</a></li>
<li><a href="Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPNs</a></li>
<li><a href="Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">TLS</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Human_rights" title="Human rights">Human rights</a>
<ul><li><a href="Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">Privacy</a></li>
<li><a href="Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">Liberty</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Reconnaissance_satellite" title="Reconnaissance satellite">Satellites</a></li>
<li><a href="Stop_Watching_Us" title="Stop Watching Us">Stop Watching Us</a></li>
<li><a href="Nothing_to_hide_argument" title="Nothing to hide argument">Nothing to hide argument</a></li></ul></td>
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<p>The <b>Data Retention Directive</b> (Directive 2006/24/EC), later declared invalid by the European Court of Justice, was at first passed on 15 March 2006 and regulated <a href="Data_retention" title="Data retention">data retention</a>, where data has been generated or processed in connection with the provision of publicly available electronic communications services or of public communications networks. It amended the <a href="Directive_on_Privacy_and_Electronic_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications">Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications</a>. According to the Data Retention Directive, <a href="EU_member_states" class="mw-redirect" title="EU member states">EU member states</a> had to store information on all citizens' telecommunications data (phone and internet connections) for a minimum of six months and at most twenty-four months, to be delivered on demand to police authorities.
</p><p>Under the directive, the police and security agencies would have been able to request access to details such as <a href="IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> and time of use of every <a href="Email" title="Email">email</a>, phone call and text message sent or received. There was no provision in the directive that permission to access the data must be confirmed by a court. On 8 April 2014, the <a href="Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the European Union</a> declared the Directive invalid in response to a case brought by <a href="Digital_Rights_Ireland" title="Digital Rights Ireland">Digital Rights Ireland</a> against the Irish authorities and others because blanket <a href="Data_collection" title="Data collection">data collection</a> violated the <a href="EU_Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="EU Charter of Fundamental Rights">EU Charter of Fundamental Rights</a>, in particular the right of <a href="Privacy" title="Privacy">privacy</a> enshrined in Article 8(1).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<meta property="mw:PageProp/toc">
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>
<p>In September 2005, during the United Kingdom's <a href="Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">presidency of the European Council</a>, a plenary session was held concerning the retention of <a href="Telecommunication" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunication">telecommunications</a> data, chaired by the UK's <a href="Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to an agreement reached by the Council at its meeting on the 1 and 2 December that was then adopted in March 2006, under the Austrian presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementation">Implementation</h2></div>
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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Telecommunications_data_retention" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications data retention">Telecommunications data retention § European Union</a></div>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romania">Romania</h3></div>
<p>The EU directive has been transposed into <a href="Law_of_Romania" title="Law of Romania">Romanian law</a> as well, initially as Law 298/2008.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="Constitutional_Court_of_Romania" title="Constitutional Court of Romania">Constitutional Court of Romania</a> (CCR) subsequently struck down the law in 2009 as violating constitutional rights.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The court held that the transposing act violated the constitutional rights of privacy, of confidentiality in communications, and of free speech.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> subsequently sued Romania in 2011 for non-implementation, threatening Romania with a fine of 30,000 euros per day.<sup id="cite_ref-hotnews_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hotnews-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Romanian parliament passed a new law in 2012, which was signed by president <a href="Traian_B%C4%83sescu" title="Traian Băsescu">Traian Băsescu</a> in June.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Law 82/2012 has been nicknamed "the <a href="Big_Brother_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">Big Brother</a> law" (using the untranslated English expression) by various Romanian non-governmental organisations opposing it, as well as the Romanian media.<sup id="cite_ref-hotnews_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hotnews-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 July 2014 this law too was declared unconstitutional by the CCR.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2></div>
<p>The Data Retention Directive had sparked serious concerns from physicians, journalists, privacy and human rights groups, unions, IT security firms and legal experts.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annullment">Annullment</h2></div>
<p>On 8 April 2014, in the landmark <i>Digital Rights Ireland and Ors</i> case, the Court of Justice of the European Union declared the Directive 2006/24/EC invalid for violating fundamental rights. The council's Legal Services have been reported to have stated in closed session that paragraph 59 of the European Court of Justice's ruling "suggests that general and blanket data retention is no longer possible".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>A legal opinion funded by the <a href="Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens–European Free Alliance</a> in the <a href="European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> found that the blanket retention of data of unsuspicious persons generally violates the <a href="EU_Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="EU Charter of Fundamental Rights">EU Charter of Fundamental Rights</a>, both in regard to national telecommunications data retention laws and to similar EU data retention schemes (<a href="Passenger_name_record" title="Passenger name record">Passenger name records</a>, Terrorist Finance Tracking Programme, Terrorist Finance Tracking System, law enforcement access to the <a href="Entry-Exit-System" class="mw-redirect" title="Entry-Exit-System">Entry-Exit-System</a>, <a href="Eurodac" title="Eurodac">Eurodac</a>, <a href="Visa_Information_System" title="Visa Information System">Visa Information System</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Data_Protection_Directive" title="Data Protection Directive">Data Protection Directive</a></li>
<li><a href="Telecommunications_data_retention" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications data retention">Telecommunications data retention</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vorratsdatenspeicherung.de/content/view/745/79/lang,en/">"Stoppt die Vorratsdatenspeicherung! - EU lawyers tell Member States: Blanket communications data retention "no longer possible" (23 Jun)"</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boehm/Cole: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uni-muenster.de/Jura.itm/hoeren/materialien/boehm/Boehm_Cole-Data_Retention_Study-June_2014.pdf">Data Retention after the Judgement of the Court of Justice of the European Union</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141108102749/http://www.uni-muenster.de/Jura.itm/hoeren/materialien/boehm/Boehm_Cole-Data_Retention_Study-June_2014.pdf">Archived</a> 8 November 2014 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32006L0024:EN:NOT">Text of the directive and national provisions on data retention communicated by the member states</a>. (HTML and PDF)</li></ul>
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